Burmese Days Essay Paper Example For Students

Burmese Days Essay Paper George Orwells tale Burmese Days is set in 1920s Burma under British expansionism. It centers around the government of the British and its consequences for the connections between the British, the British and Indians, and between the Indians themselves. The tale focuses on the town of Kyauktada in Upper Burma. Kyauktada is depicted as hot and hot. It is an unassuming community of around 4,000. The mind lion's share of the occupants are Burmese, however there are likewise a hundred Indians, two Eurasians, sixty Chinese, and Seven Europeans. (Pg. 16) It is close to the wilderness and the Irrawaddy River. There are numerous trees and blossoms, including honeysuckle. In spite of the fact that the English have employments to perform a lot of their time is overwhelmed by savoring bourbon the Club, withdrawing from the thorny; heat, resting, and periodically playing tennis or chasing. Despite the fact that there isn't a lot of physical movement by the English, they don't whine about it. They do whine unendingly about the warmth and about the conceivable acknowledgment of locals into their solely European Club. In Burmese Days the greater part of British held themselves better than the Burmese. They feel that it is their obligation to lead over the less savvy niggers; of Burma. Through the depiction of the attributes of both the British and Burmese, Orwell encourages us comprehend the worth framework through which the British have arrived at the resolution that they should lead over the Burmese. A case of such a depiction is, that of Maxwell, them acting Divisional Forest Officer. Maxwell is delineated as a new hued light young people of not more than twenty-five or six ;#8211; youthful for the post he held.; (Pg. 22) This depiction loans an incentive to the fair looking and blond British, however a few, similar to Flory, have dark hair. Maxwell is additionally extremely youthful for his post, giving the feeling that he is savvy. Mr. Lackersteen, the trough of a wood firm, however forty and somewhat enlarged, it portrayed a fine-looking; with a candid face. (Pg. 20-21) This portrayal persua des British are gorgeous and genuine. Orwell offers us various portrayals of positive qualities of the British, however he obviously separates awful; British from great; British similarly. A case of this is Orwells portrayal of Ellis, a director of another lumber organization in Burma. The principal portrayal of Ellis it that of a minuscule wiry-haired individual with a pale, sharp-included face and fretful developments.; (Pg. 20) When a notification in posted in the Club that thought will start to permit high-positioning locals in the Club, Ellis gets maddened. Ellis is, consistently, angry and unreasonable.; (Pg. 25) His conduct describes him as a terrible; Englishman. It is likewise through Elliss convictions and activities that one starts to comprehend the British mental self view. Ellis over and over alludes to the locals as niggers and debases them. At the point when the topic of permitting locals in the Club surfaces, Ellis imparts the explanation that the British are in Burma is to administer a lot of damn dark pig whove been slaves since the start of history.; (Pg, 25) Mr. He feels it is a shock that they are regarding the locals as equivalents instead of administering them in the main way they comprehend.; (Pg 25) Ellis proceeds to criticize Flory, Maxwell, and Westfield (the head of police) for their associations with locals. Most of Englishmen in Burmese Days believe that they are better than the Burmese, anyway none do as such as resolutely as Ellis. The mediocrity of the locals is connected from numerous points of view. One technique Orwell utilizes is the depiction of the locals. At the point when Ma Hla May, Florys fancy woman, and Elizabeth see another the contrasts between them are striking. Elizabeth is as faintly shaded as an apple bloom;, while Ma Hla May is dull and flashy.; This gathering; happens on Florys veranda with Flory present. It is then he understands how weird Ma Hla Mays body is. This impression of Florys places an incentive on the structure and attributes of an Englishwomans body subsequently debasing the locals structure. The portrayal of U Po Kyin isn't positive either. He is depicts as a colossal man with teeth that are frequently recolored dark red by betel juice. In spite of the fact that an effective, wealthy judge, he takes hush-money and concedes that he has done a lot of wrong in his life. In the novel he is portrayed as beguiling and mean. A case of this is his endeavor to outline Dr. Veraswami for composing a disparaging letter in one of the neighborhood papers. U Po Kyin additionally engineers an uproar to make Dr. Veraswami look awful, while simultaneously making himself look life a saint. This reverse discharges, making Dr. Veraswami a legend. U Po Kyins activities alongside the coordinated effort of different Indians, describe the local populace as wicked, languid, and scheming. Locals are regularly delineated as poor workers or hirelings whose solitary object is to make the British rich and agreeable. One can best comprehend British emotions towards the locals through Elizabeths meanings of good; and terrible.; She portrays great or, in her words, flawless as likening costly, rich, and blue-blooded.; Her meaning of awful (brutal in her words) is the modest, the low, the decrepit, and the arduous.; (Pg. 90) Through this definition locals are viewed as savage; since they harbor terrible; attributes. British blokes are commended through these definitions since they encapsu late great; characteristics. .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa , .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .postImageUrl , .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa , .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa:hover , .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa:visited , .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa:active { border:0!important; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa:active , .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa:hover { obscurity: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .focused content region { width: 100%; position: r elative; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u9d1a35ef dab87cee8baeae060e833eaa .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u9d1a35efdab87cee8baeae060e833eaa:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Quest for the Ideal City: From the 60’s Utopia to the Modern Eco-City. EssayThe connection among Flory and Dr. Veraswami is the main case of a genuine companionship between an Englishman and an Indian. It is the one on the main British ;#8211; Indian communications that isn't focused on the Indian serving the Englishman or on corrupting the locals somehow or another. This is maybe in light of the fact that Dr. Veraswami was instructed. At the point when Flory and the Dr met they regularly talked about the circumstance of British colonialism in Burma. While Flory is against English, Dr. Veraswami safeguards the g overnment. He expresses that the Burmese are vulnerable without the English and that without them Burma would have no exchange, railroads, boats, or streets. Upon the conversation of Dr. Veraswamis conceivable acknowledgment to the Club, the specialist expresses that regardless of whether he were admitted to the Club, he would not fantasy about joining in. He just wants the renown that an individual from the Club had, however he understands that he ought not really visit the Club. Flory discovers this comical, yet after this discussion he makes his assessment known to the club that the specialist ought to be permitted to be a part. The contradictions in the Club about the specialists enrollment are stopped by a developing uproar outside, planned by U Po Kyin. Dr. Veraswami demonstrates his dedication to the British by endeavoring to keep down the group. In spite of the fact that U Po Kyin states that he excessively was attempting to control the group, the Club doesn't trust him. Dr. Veraswami is therefore freed from the issues that U Po Kyin had made for him and his longing to turn into an individual from the Club is truly examined. Be that as it may, U Po Kyin prevails as he continued looking for the participation to the Club by demolishing Florys relationship with Elizabeth, which brings about Flory murdering Flo, his pooch, and ending it all. The notoriety that Dr. Veraswami had kicked the bucket with Flory. This demolished Flory, making a participation in the Club unthinkable. Rather U Po Kyin was chosen into the Club, and got and pleasant, yet to a great extent missing, part. Any opportunities for comprehension among Englishmen and Indians bites the dust with Flory. This is on the grounds that no other Englishmen could see past the generalization of Indians as

Online Music Sharing free essay sample

CDC and tapes before long become wiped out like the 8 track and vinyl records? All things considered, that may turn into the case because of online music sharing. We will compose a custom article test on Online Music Sharing or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Music sharing has gotten the most sultry, most famous thing now-a-days for adolescents and undergrads the country over. This Innovative Idea is presently trapped in the middle of a war of supporters and enemies of promoters, courts have now gotten included, which side would you say you are on? I dont think about you however Im just for the online music sharing. Im for it basically in light of the fact that I am one who doesnt have a great deal of time to go audit and tune in to miscreants to ear their potential.I am a bustling individual, and I am consistently on the run so I dont have the opportunity to go to the record store and purchase entire scoundrels or the singles which Is one of the aces of online music sharing. Web based sharing is a great method to review music before one would choose to get it in such a case that there arent any melodies that arent loved by the audience then they would choose to purchase the single and not squander cash purchasing an entire collection of a craftsman that they wouldnt like. In any case, that factor is disliked by the music business. Why? One may inquire. As a result of online music sharing administrations, for example, Anapest.Anapest was begun coincidentally by an undergrad attempting to locate a quicker method to load and duplicate melodies off of the Internet. He some path discovered how to stack tunes truly quick. In the wake of discovering this data he put it on the web with the goal that other understudies such as himself who needed to test music could think that its quicker and simpler Just as he did. The Anapest site Is basically a free method of acquiring the tunes needed and to make blended lowlifes for themselves as well as other people. There are different locales (I. E. Morpheme, Mister, Audio Galaxy) that offer their free music and locales to tune in to any tune of their choice.Currently the post-Anapest apparatus of decision is Mister. The name Mister was cobbled from America Online Instant Messenger and Anapest. Created by John Deep of Troy, New York, Almagest programming permits AIM clients to offer other AIM clients an approach to find and duplicate records on one anothers PCs. In contrast to Anapest, AIM clients are on one anothers amigo records. The file of documents exists on each AIM clients PC. At the point when one AIM client needs to duplicate a document from a buddys PC. The exchange happens between the two machines.Master has an inquiry work that sneaks the registry of the mates PCs. At the point when it finds the ideal document, the exchange happens. The speed of the exchange relies upon the data transmission accessible to the machines. Something else, the solicitation and move are practically Instantaneous. Almagest utilizes ICQ, a well known informing customer, and Alls Instant Messenger to distinguish mates. So as to forestall a Mister;type of search-and-recover work from working, changes in the design of these projects would need to happen or Mister clients would need to be denied access to these well known administrations. (Arnold 1). With all the discussion going on, mainstream music craftsmen also eave rose up to voice their dusts and remain against Anapest. Online music locales have demonstrated to be useful to numerous and on the off chance that they were so off-base 1 OFF vast lion's share of individuals utilizing it? Its one of the gutsiest funding ventures ever. Anapest, the record sharing programming organization at the focal point of one of the Nets greatest debates, had no income yet required millions in private value. Notwithstanding Anapests short-term ascend to notoriety and its capability to alter the appropriation of music, numerous Vs. felt they couldnt get open to support the startup. At that point Hummer Windbag stepped in. In May, the San Francisco-based firm drove a $15 million round of fundingincluding $13 million of its ownand introduced accomplice Hank Barry as Anapests acting CEO and John Hummer as a board chief. Barry means to transform Anapest into a membership administration, taking out the record organizations boss complaint with Anapest: that its innovation permits millions to share recorded music for nothing (Park 1).People like me arent taking the melodies, were basically getting the tunes that weve consistently needed from a Friend. Let me know, whats the distinction between getting the tunes and collections off the web than getting them from a neighborhood reined of yours? Its fundamentally very similar things with the exception of that its on a progressively overall sort of sharing premise. Individuals have been doing it for a considerable length of time when they used to (some despite everything do) name tape tapes. The business didnt have an issue with it at that point, so NH an issue with it now? It was out there Just not as common as it is now.I dont concur with the record business by any stretch of the imagination, why make and spot music on material that they know can be duplicated on Amps, different tapes, other CDC? Anapest, the computerized music dissemination administration, has been incidentally closed down. A San Francisco Judge governed he administration was empowering discount encroaching of record industry copyrights. The Recording Industry Association of America (ARIA), an exchange body that speaks to record organizations, for example, Warner and BMW, sued Anapest in December blaming it for empowering the unlawful dispersion of Amps.The ARIA evaluates that melody trading IA Anapest has cost the music business more than $300 million in lost deals. As far as it matters for its, Anapest has denied this, saying its a network administration which supports the sharing of music for non-business purposes. Free research from Jupiter Communications likewise demonstrated that Anapest empowers music deals. While this decision is a significant blow, its in no way, shape or form a lethal injury. It appears to be likely the music business will inevitably grasp Anapest. (Web Magazine 1).Its their issue and they ought to need to live with the slip-ups they made. Dont go accusing the blameless individuals that have discovered another approach to get around their framework before they did and now theyre upset. Theyve had control for a considerable length of time, they control the costs of the CDC (a significant number of which are Just plain ludicrous), what number of amounts are created, what will be before long no longer in production, thus numerous different things. The time has come for we the individuals took control off shopping center part of it and since we created it, we ought to be permitted to utilize it and not be rebuffed for it.

13 Reasons Why Examining media representations of mental illness

13 Reasons Why Examining media representations of mental illness 13 Reasons Why: Examining media representations of mental illness 13 Reasons Why Examining media representations of mental illness 13 Reasons Why: Examining media representations of mental illness

Benjamin Franklin The Necessity Of Water Best - 1576 Words

Benjamin Franklin described the necessity of water best, â€Å"When the well s dry, we know the worth of water.† The city of Flint, Michigan has realized, the hard way, just how important clean water is with their recent water crisis. Flint, Michigan is the seventh largest metropolitan area and is home to nearly a hundred thousand people. Like most towns in Michigan, Flint’s economy was mostly fueled by the automobile industry until General Motors began closing shops in 1980, since then the city has since been ravaged by high crime and poverty. As if that was not bad enough, they have now been hit with a devastating water crisis, involving lead contaminated water. While there have been other instances like Flint’s before, none have come close†¦show more content†¦However the pipeline was not expected to be completed until, at its earliest, 2015, which left the gap between when Flint’s contract with Detroit ran out and the new pipeline was installe d. Earley decided not to negotiate a short-term deal and chose to switch to the Flint River instead. The shift was put into effect in April of 2014 and, immediately following, many residents complained about the water’s odor, taste, color and its negative health effects, including vomiting, hair loss, and rashes. City officials and the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, however, continued to stress the fact that the water was drinkable and that everything was under control. It was far from under control. By September 2015, after many advocacy groups began monitoring the water quality, did the city start issuing a drinking-water-supply advisory but did not begin to change the system back until in October, after Virginia Tech professor Marc Edward’s tested water samples â€Å"and found levels of lead far above the Environmental Protection Agency’s recommendations† (Mendoza, Par. 9). Karen Weaver, the City’s newly elected Mayor, declared a State of Emergence on December 15 and urged the Governor to follow suit but Governor Snyder waited until January 6, to declare the State of Emergency. Police then began going

Impact of the Federal Government Shut Down - 790 Words

The federal government shutdown that happened for two weeks in October of 2013 had a big impact on the economy. Congress failed to pass legislation that that funds government spending in which the impact affected businesses, jobs, and billions of dollars that were lost during the event. Many people dealt with the hardship of the shutdown due to the fact that the money that was stalled provided their necessities of life. The federal employees were furloughed which left hundreds of thousands of people on a leave of absence without pay. That is a big factor because without pay people without a check couldn’t feed themselves or their family let allow afford to pay their bills. It could of pose a major problem for some because not all bill†¦show more content†¦With the Department of Education having neither a budget nor a full staff, ongoing and proposed scientific research are not a priority.† College students who rely on grants from the federal government to atten d school affect them which stall their process of furthering their education and developing careers. Import and export have been affected by the situation since the licenses and applications were put on hold causing an influence on trades. According to the Wall Street Journal, â€Å"More than 40 government agencies, including the EPA, the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Commerce, are involved in trade shipments, U.S. technology companies cant fill overseas orders because they cannot obtain U.S. Department of Commerce authorization to export. Steel imports are stranded at customs-clearance warehouses awaiting paperwork.† Things that required special authorization from government agencies for international shipping such as certain electronics and other goods have been delay causing businesses to slow down production. Furthermore, stating that trading is an important asset to the economy and more than 10 million people jobs that were supported by exports. Nat ional parks and monuments that depended on the government were closed. Millions of dollars were lost because tourists were unable to explore the attractions which halted money that could have been spent at the parks and surrounding businesses as well. Hotels andShow MoreRelatedMake a Wall1122 Words   |  5 PagesBorder Patrolling. During the creation of the Department of Homeland Security, the U.S. Border Patrol and other federal agencies merged were called into a new U.S. Agency Customs and Border Protection. 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School Physical Plant Management Free Essays

School Physical Plant Management What do you understand with the term school plant? The school plant is the totality of all things that make up a school system. It involves the physical and material facilities in form of buildings, school site and the environment that embody the school. Moreover, a school plants include the site, the building and equipment and this include the permanent structures like workshop, libraries, classrooms, laboratories and semi permanent structures like the educational system itself. We will write a custom essay sample on School Physical Plant Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now The school facilities consist of all types of buildings for academic and non-academic activities, equipment for academic and non- academic activities, areas for sports and games, landscape, farms and gardens including trees, roads and paths. Others include furniture and toilet facilities, lighting, acoustics, storage facilities and packing lot, security, transportation, ICT, cleaning materials, food services, and special facilities for the physically challenged persons. Describe the 2 major functions of school plant? An Environment to Facilitate Learning The primary purpose of the teaching and learning process is to bring about in the learner desirable change in behavior through critical thinking. This process does not take place in a vacuum but rather in an environment structured to facilitate learning. Hence, this environment of an organization as all elements relevant to its operation and they include direct and indirect action elements. School facilities, constitute the major components of both direct and indirect action elements in the environment of learning. Feature Article –Â  Country School – Allen Curnow These facilities play pivotal role in the actualization of the educational goals and objectives by satisfying the physical and emotional needs of the staff and students of the school. Knezevich (1975, p. 563) emphasized that the physical needs are met through provision of safe structure, adequate sanitary facilities, a balanced visual environment, appropriate thermal environment, and sufficient shelter space for his work and play. His emotional needs are met by creating pleasant surrounding, a friendly atmosphere, and an inspiring environment. The educational system has undergone tremendous changes in the form of its philosophy, broadened goals and objectives, new approaches to service delivery and architectural design, quantum leap in school enrolment, multiplicity of curricula programmes and extra-curricula activities, introduction of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and expanded academic support services such as guidance services to students, teachers and the community, integration of the school and community. 3. In what ways does instructional program influence the nature of school plant? Schools exist for the purpose of teaching and learning. Human and material resources are deployed for this purpose. School facilities are the material resources provided for staff and students to optimize their productivity in the teaching and learning process. The realization that the transfer of knowledge does not only take place in the four walls of the classroom from the teacher to the students but rather that learning takes place through discovery, exploration, interaction with the internal and external environment has necessitated the creative and innovative development of teaching and learning facilities that reflect these changes. Schools exist to serve socio-economic and political needs of the ever-changing society, consequently, they are in constant interaction with their external environment. They receive inputs from the external environment in the form of human and material resources, processes them and empty same into the society as finished products and services. The quality of the products bears a direct relationship with the quality of the facilities deployed in the process of the production. This demands that state of the art facilities are provided in schools to prepare school leavers for life in the global village. Several studies have shown that a close relationship exists between the physical environment and the academic performance of students. Nwagwu (1978) and Ogunsaju (1980) maintained that the quality of education that children receive bears direct relevance to the availability or lack thereof of physical facilities and overall atmosphere in which learning takes place. For example, research findings have shown that students learn better when a combination of methods and materials are employed during teaching. Furthermore, emphasis has shifted towards giving individual attention to students as against teaching large classes which presupposes that all students in a class have the ability to learn at the same pace. The implication of the foregoing is that in designing school plant, provision should be made for individual and small group interaction and for large groups for academic and social activities. How to cite School Physical Plant Management, Essay examples

Macroeconomics The Normal Price of the Goods & Services

Question: Describe an economic scenario, where the normal price of the goods services use to get decrease constantly over a certain period of time. Answer: Definition of Deflation:- According to the economists, deflation can be described as an economic scenario, where the normal price of the goods services use to get decrease constantly over a certain period of time. It is the opposite economic condition of inflation. During deflation, the real value of the money or the currency value of the country goes higher, which allow the people to purchase more products or services with a certain amount of money in comparison to the previous periods (Selgin, 2015). Deflation in Australia:- Reasons for Deflation in Australia:- The economists and researchers have analyzed various market scenarios very carefully to detect the actual reason for the deflation. As per the economists, the major factors, which use to control the value of money or currency are, Aggregate Demand Supply of Labor, Products Services, and Circulation of Money in the Market It has been observed that when the aggregate supply suddenly take a hike and the aggregate demand became lesser, the value of the money use to get down (Thirlwall, 2015). The following graph is presented to describe the situation:- Further, the aggregate demand supply and the circulation of money depend on various aspects of market. The aspects, which are responsible for the higher supply and lower demand in the Australian market and directly related to the deflation, are discussed in detail below:- Weak Demand:- Weak demand of the products and services are, mainly, developed due to decrease in the purchasing capability of the consumers, caused by the constant increase in the market price level. It may be also caused if the customers use to focus more on savings than consumption, due to various government policies. On the long run, such changes in the consumption pattern leads to the fall in aggregate demand of the products and services (Egle, 2015). Excessive Supply:- It is a very common trend of the market that whenever the supply of any product increases drastically, the producer uses decrease its price to increase the sales volume according to supply. If the producers producer use advanced technology greatly for additional production, then the income of labors, who are, directly or indirectly also the consumers of the products, do not change too much. In some cases, it may decrease also. In such condition, due of lack of extra income, the consumers cannot consume the excess supply and the producer have to cut the prices so that the consumers can buy it more with their unchanged income (Ball et al., 2015). Lower energy price:- Apart from the material and labor, the producers use to bear a huge amount for energy. Due to lower energy prices, the producers can consume more energy with the same amount of money, which they use to incur earlier for consuming lesser energy. Therefore, they can produce more units, which will ultimately lead to excessive supply. Flat wages:- Flat wages can create two types of consequences. If the market price level increase and the rate of wages remain constant, the labors cannot maintain the same consumption level as earlier. As discussed above, it causes lesser demand and excessive supply. It should be noted that all the reasons described above, are the consequences of subdued inflation. Therefore, it can be stated that the deflation, aroused in Australia, is the nothing but the aftermath of worldwide inflation and the control strategies applied for dealing with the inflation (Panic, 2015). Problems for Deflation:- The major economical problems, which Australia has to face due to deflation, are discussed below:- Reduction in Production:- As the supply of products and services rises at an abnormal rate, the volume of unsold products also increases drastically. It leads to decrease in the rate of profit. Due to lesser profits, the producers began to reduce the amount of production. Increase in Unemployment Rate:- When the volume of production declines, producers use to curtail in the labor quantity. It begins to increase the unemployment rate of the country. Fall in the Income Level:- If the total production level begins to decline, then the consumption level of raw material, energy and labors also follow the trend and the total income, generated from these items begins to fall down drastically over the period. Inequality in the Wealth Distribution:- Like the inflation, deflation also causes unequal distribution of wealth. As the value of currency use increase constantly, the creditors or moneylenders use to get more advantages and the debtors use to suffer losses. In the period of deflation, the earning groups, who use to earn at fixed income rates are the gainers and whose amount of income use varies from period to period use suffer the most (Korinek Mendoza,2013). Gross Domestic Product or GDP of a country is the total monetary amount of total products or services, produced in that country within a fiscal year. The aggregate supply and aggregate demand of products and services are one of the major factors, which use to control the amount of the GDP of a country. The production of any product or service use to change in the same proportion with the aggregate demand, where as it use change in a reverse ratio with the aggregate supply. During the deflation, due to the fall in price levels, the consumers use to consume more quantity of products but the amount of money, spend for the products, remains unchanged. Hence, the additional consumption cannot generate excess earnings. It implies that the aggregate demand of products only increases in terms of quantity not in terms of money. Moreover, when the profit margins of the producers begin to reduce due to excessive supply and lower price levels, they become unable to invest in productions more. Ins such scenario, though the quantity of consumption increases, the GDP do not increases accordingly, as because the GDP is ascertained on the value of the products. On the other hand, when the production decreases for the shortage of investments, the total production also goes down and cause drastic downfall in the GDP level (Fleckenstein et al.,2013). Health, education, insurance and other financial products belongs to the service sector. Unlike primary sector and secondary sector, the service sector use to affect the economy of a country indirectly. This sector provides support for developing proper infrastructure for the primary and secondary sectors. Therefore, initially, the service sectors do not get effected by any changes in the economy too much. But, it should be also noted that the products and services, required for the business operations in the service sectors use to be produced by the primary and secondary sectors. Therefore, if these two sectors get affected by the deflation, it would ultimately affect the service sector too. Moreover, when the currency price use to fall down nationally, various industries from service sectors also use to earn lesser profits. But, as some of the services, like health, education etc., are very essential for the consumers, the profit margins of these industries do not reduce at a very high rate. The service sectors use to acquire the smallest share in the total GDP. Therefore, the increase rate of this sector cannot save the GDP from the clutches of deflation. It can just slower down the falling rate of GDP. Moreover, if the deflation continues in the long run, the service sector will get affected by it and will begin to suffer from lower profit rates. Then it will amplify the reduction rate of GDP (Lavoie, 2014). Reference List:- Ball, R., Gerakos, J., Linnainmaa, J. T., Nikolaev, V. V. (2015). Deflating profitability.Journal of Financial Economics,117(2), 225-248. Egle, W. P. (2015).Economic Stabilization: Objective, Rules, and Mechanisms. Princeton University Press Fleckenstein, M., Longstaff, F. A., Lustig, H. (2013).Deflation risk(No. w19238). National Bureau of Economic Research Korinek, A., Mendoza, E. G. (2013).From sudden stops to fisherian deflation: Quantitative theory and policy implications(No. w19362). National Bureau of Economic Research Lavoie, M. (2014).Post-Keynesian Economics: New Foundations. Edward Elgar Publishing Panic, M. (2015).National Management of International Economy. Springer. Selgin, G. (2015). Synthetic commodity money.Journal of Financial Stability,17, 92-99 Thirlwall, A. P. (2015). Keynes, economic development and the developing countries. InEssays on Keynesian and Kaldorian Economics(pp. 149-177). Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Antony And Cleopatra Essays - Cultural Depictions Of Cleopatra

Antony And Cleopatra Essays - Cultural Depictions Of Cleopatra Antony and Cleopatra In Shakespeare's tragedy/history/Roman play Antony and Cleopatra, we are told the story of two passionate and power-hungry lovers. In the first two Acts of the play we are introduced to some of the problems and dilemmas facing the couple (such as the fact that they are entwined in an adulterous relationship, and that both of them are forced to show their devotion to Caesar). Along with being introduced to Antony and Cleopatra's strange love affair, we are introduced to some interesting secondary characters. One of these characters is Enobarbus. Enobarbus is a high-ranking soldier in Antony's army who it seems is very close to his commander. We know this by the way Enobarbus is permitted to speak freely (at least in private) with Antony, and often is used as a person to whom Antony confides in. We see Antony confiding in Enobarbus in Act I, Scene ii, as Antony explains how Cleopatra is "cunning past man's thought" (I.ii.146). In reply to this Enobarbus speaks very freely of his view of Cleopatra, even if what he says is very positive: ...her passions are made of nothing but the finest part of pure love. We cannot call her winds and waters sighs and tears; they are greater storms and tempests than almanacs can report. This cannot be cunning in her; if it be she makes a shower of rain as well as Jove. (I, ii, 147-152) After Antony reveals that he has just heard news of his wife's death, we are once again offered an example of Enobarbus' freedom to speak his mind, in that he tells Antony to "give the gods a thankful sacrifice" (I.ii.162), essentially saying that Fulvia's death is a good thing. Obviously, someone would never say something like this unless they were in very close company. While acting as a friend and promoter of Antony, Enobarbus lets the audience in on some of the myth and legend surrounding Cleopatra. Probably his biggest role in the play is to exaggerate Anthony and Cleopatra's relationship. Which he does so well in the following statements: When she first met Mark Antony, she pursed up his heart, upon the river of Cydnus. (II.ii.188-189) The barge she sat in, like a burnished throne, Burned on the water: the poop was beaten gold; Purple the sails, and so perfumed that The winds were lovesick with them; the oars were silver, (II.ii.193-197) And, for his ordinary, pays his heart For what his eyes eat only. (II.ii.227-228) Age cannot wither her, nor custom stale Her infinite variety.... (II.ii.237-238) In these passages, Enobarbus turns Antony's and Cleopatra's meeting into a fairy tale and leads the audience into believing the two are inseparable. His speeches in Act II are absolutely vital to the play in that this is what Shakespeare wants the audience to view Antony and Cleopatra. Also, in these passages, Cleopatra is described as irresistible and beautiful beyond belief another view that is necessary for us to believe in order to buy the fact that a man with so much to lose would be willing to risk it all in order to win her love. Quite possibly, these passages may hint that Enobarbus is himself in love with Cleopatra. After all, it would be hard to come up with such flowery language if a person were not inspired. Enobarbus may be lamenting his own passions vicariously through the eyes of Antony. This would be convenient in questioning Enobarbus' loyalty, which becomes very important later on in the play (considering he kills himself over grief from fearing he betrayed his leader). The loyalty of Enobarbus is indeed questionable. Even though we never hear him utter a single disparaging remark against Antony, he does admit to Menas that he "will praise any man that will praise me" (II.iii.88), suggesting that his honor and loyalty may just be simple brown-nosing. Shakespeare probably fashioned Enobarbus as a means of relaying information to the audience that would otherwise be difficult or awkward to bring forth from other characters (such as Cleopatra's beauty and the story of her betrayal of Caesar), but he also uses him as way to inject some levity and humor in the play, showing the characters eagerness to have a good time. Evidence of this comes in Enobarbus' affinity for drunkenness. In both Act I and Act

Quotes About Being Aloneâ€but Not Lonely

Quotes About Being Alone- but Not Lonely Some people find it unnerving to be left alone when there are far too many uncomfortable dimensions to the solitude. Yet being alone does not necessarily mean being lonely. For instance, assume you are left alone with your thoughts. If you find peace in solitude, your time alone may be a blessing, a welcome respite from the cares of the world. The right quotes show that being alone- far from being lonely- provides a chance to reflect on life. Buddha All things appear and disappear because of the concurrence of causes and conditions. Nothing ever exists entirely alone; everything is in relation to everything else. Henry David Thoreau I love to be alone. I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude. Ann Landers It is far better to be alone than to wish you were. Warsan Shire My alone feels so good, I’ll only have you if you’re sweeter than my solitude. Marilyn Monroe I restore myself when Im alone. Its better to be unhappy alone than unhappy with someone- so far. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe The soul that sees beauty may sometimes walk alone. Julie Delpy Too many women throw themselves into romance because they’re afraid of being single, then start making compromises and losing their identity. I won’t do that. Thomas Merton If we seek paradise outside ourselves, we cannot have paradise in our hearts.Wayne Dyer You cannot be lonely if you like the person youre alone with. John Steinbeck All great and precious things are lonely. Blaise Pascal All mens miseries derive from not being able to sit in a quiet room alone. James Dean Being an actor is the loneliest thing in the world. You are all alone with your concentration and imagination, and thats all you have. The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Every man must do two things alone; he must do his own believing and his own dying. George Washington It is better to be alone than in bad company. Dr. Seuss All alone! Whether you like it or not, alone is something youll be quite a lot. Dalai Lama Spend some time alone every day. African Proverb It is better to travel alone than with a bad companion. Jules Renard If you are afraid of being lonely, dont try to be right. Suzanne Gordon To be alone is to be different, to be different is to be alone. Charles Caleb Colton To dare to live alone is the rarest courage; since there are many who had rather meet their bitterest enemy in the field, than their own hearts in their closet. Alain de Botton Booksellers are the most valuable destination for the lonely, given the numbers of books that were written because authors couldnt find anyone to talk to. Georg Trakl For whoever is lonely there is a tavern. Paul Tillich Language...has created the word loneliness to express the pain of being alone. And it has created the word solitude to express the glory of being alone. Jose Garcia Villa No more truth. Bells ring no more in me. I am all alone singly. Lonely rests my head. O my God! I am dead. Pearl S. Buck The person who tries to live alone will not succeed as a human being. His heart withers if it does not answer another heart. His mind shrinks away if he hears only the echoes of his own thoughts and finds no other inspiration. Vicki Baum Fame always brings loneliness. Success is as ice-cold and lonely as the North Pole. Anonymous I think Id do better on my own, no friends, no fights, just me alone. Christopher Morley Beauty is ever to the lonely mind a shadow fleeting; she is never plain. She is a visitor who leaves behind the gift of grief, the souvenir of pain. Hafiz of Persia â€Å"I wish I could show you when you are lonely or in darkness the astonishing light of your own being.† Ancient Chinese Proverb â€Å"An invisible thread connects those who are destined to meet, regardless or time, place, and circumstance. The thread may stretch or tangle. But it will never break.† Mandy Hale â€Å"A season of loneliness and isolation is when the caterpillar gets its wings. Remember that next time you feel alone.† Dr. Wayne Dyer You cannot be lonely if you like the person youre alone with. Joseph F. Newton â€Å"People are lonely because they build walls instead of bridges.†

Humancomputer interaction Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Humancomputer interaction - Assignment Example The mental model encompasses operations that work in just like the computer. Most of the computer interfaces developed for visually impaired individuals are designed for those who have not lost their sight completely. Many HCI use several other types of feedback such as haptic and tactile feedback system. However, these interfaces are normally supplemental to the visual communication. As such, it is essential to note that those who have not lost their sight completely will be in an enhanced position to access several computer applications based on the haptic and tactile system, Clifford (2008). When interacting with the computer, some of the critical movements very useful include movement aside (Fig. 1a), pressure (Fig. 1b), static contact (Fig. 1c) and encircle and follow object contour exploration procedures Individuals with no sight or with reduced sight use these model in an analogous way. A significant constituent of the ability to create cognitive models for features in the physical world is closely correlated to the sense of feeling or touching. Touching is the only sense that allows simultaneous input and output interaction with the computer in two directions. The usual interfaces for normal people use only one

Adoration of the Shepherds and The Holy Family with the Shepherds Term Paper

Adoration of the Shepherds and The Holy Family with the Shepherds - Term Paper Example This obsessive attention to detail is a signature too of the Mantegna style and imprint, already fully formed at the time of the commissioning of the painting, completed when he was barely out of his teens. The descriptions of the painting include precision, hardness, a sense of clarity of the image and of the vision that was unique and spectacular during its time, and the refinement and the purity in the colors that were employed. In the Adoration of the Shepherds the clarity of the detail, the use of colors that are pure, and the sharpness and the overall sense of exactness of the composition is said to extend all the way to the background, where even the landscape far away from the scene in focus is described in such a level of detail that critics then and now consider with awe and astonishment. The emphasis on detail reflects tool, an aesthetic that focuses on reality, realistic depictions, even if in the case of the shepherds there is a lack of a tendency to idealize and beautif y their presences, and instead they are depicted in the painting in the full reality of the coarseness of their appearance and the drabness of the colors of their clothing. In contrast, Joseph's clothing, and his presence and appearance, are vibrant and serene at the same time, starkly in opposition to everything else, especially with regard to the yellow garb of Joseph. Mary's muted blue and red garb blends more with the surrounding environment, meanwhile, and it is noteworthy that the focus of attention of the shepherds is not Jesus and Mary, but in the painting it is Joseph they are facing and bowing to (Kren and Marx; Louvre; Abrahams). The Holy... See in the painting the shepherds look more like angels than human beings, in the handsome quality of their faces, the serenity and lack of human sin in the way their faces are depicted, and in the way their smiles and their presences encouraged further intimacy of spirit among the shepherds and the holy family. There is nothing at all that is course or reflecting toil and hardship in this painting. The composition is idealized too, in the way the lighting is so crafted so that the virgin mother and the infant Jesus take center stage in the painting, with the baby Jesus as the focal point of the attention of all the people in the painting, a deliberate staging of the painting so that mother and child, and child in particular, are the most important figures in the painting. The child Jesus is the focus of the love and attention of the shepherds, as well as of the virgin mother Mary. In contrast to the softness and the idealization that are the hallmarks of the painting by Jordaens, th e painting of Mantegna puts sharp focus on the outward physical reality of the scene, with the shepherds depicted not as idealized, angel-like figures but as very human, and as shepherds who toil and who are nomadic in their ways are expected to look at. Where Jordaens idealizes and softens the scene to evoke warmth and closeness, Mantegna offers stark reality, and detailed depictions of that reality. There is nothing at all that is course or reflecting toil and hardship in this painting, angel-like figures but as very human.

Scientific Inventions On Human Life

Scientific Inventions On Human Life What is scientific invention? According to me scientific invention is a machine or device or a scientific technique which either helps or completely solves humans problems that he or she face in daily life. According to www.businessdictionary.com invention is: New scientific or  technical  idea, and the  means  of its embodiment or accomplishment. To be patentable, an invention must be  novel, have  utility, and be non-obvious. To be called an invention, an idea only  needs  to be proven as workable. But to be called an innovation, it must also be replicable at an  economical  cost, and must satisfy a specific need. Thats why only a few inventions  lead  to  innovations  because not all of them are economically feasible. And according to Wikipedia scientific invention is An  invention  is a unique or novel  device, method, composition or process. It may be an improvement upon a machine or product, or a new process for creating an object or a result. An invention that achieves a completely unique function or result may be a radical breakthrough. Such works are  novel  and  not obvious  to  others skilled in the same field. These definitions are enough to tell us or are enough to make us understand the meaning of scientific inventions but the question is why we need scientific inventions? Sometimes, the things They say, the laws They make, the way the world spins doesnt make any sense at all Which is exactly why you have to ask Why? and keep on asking until you get the TRUTH   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Joe Kelly,  Douglas Fredericks and the House of They And that is exactly why we need inventions to find the truth behind the things we do not understand. And we need inventions to help us understand that truth and help us use it to our own benefit. Like scientists discovered electricity by inventing different inventions and then they used electricity to their own benefit now the entire world is using electricity. The effect of scientific inventions on human life is huge. So huge that it is difficult to comprehend it but I will try and explain a little in my essay. Inventions have changed our lives it has revolutionized every aspect of our life. if we look at our means of communication then we will see that first we used to communicate with letters, but then telegram was invented which was a faster way to communicate but not fast enough then telephone was invented which made our lives easier and made us communicate with our loved ones so easily and made it made possible for us to communicate with someone who is miles away from us. And now days it is even possible to video chat with anyone on any part of the world and this entire have been made possible due to the scientific inventions. Then with the progress of science and its inventions the means of travel have also changed in the early times people have to travel through horse and camels and they completed their journey in months even in yea rs but due to development in scientific inventions it is now possible to travel distances of thousands of miles in hours or days. Due to scientific inventions we were able to find answer to our question which we thought we can never answer, like people used to say that humans cannot fly but due to the advancements of scientific inventions we can now fly in the air with the help of an airplane. In our daily life we use a lot of scientific inventions, like television, fridge, fans, laptops, mobile phones, micro wave Owens, tube light, cars, bikes, and many more of scientific inventions they have made our life more luxurious and made our work more easy and less time consuming it has granted us to do things in minutes which we did in days, months even its has completely changed our lifestyles and altogether our lives they are a blessing on us. Computers are useless. They can only give you answers.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Pablo Picasso Due to scientific inventions cure of many diseases have been found which were thought incurable in earlier times. The life expectance has increased drastically in earlier times many people died of disease which are now extinct due to new techniques and invention invented by scientists. In new types of drugs are invented to cure the incurable diseases vaccines have made many disease extinct. Doctor uses many kinds of inventions to diagnose patients diseases. This has made it easy for them to t find out what is wrong with their patient. Doctor use inventions like x-ray machines, USG machines, angiography machines, laparoscopic devices and monitors, CT scan machines, MRI machines, digital thermometer, digital blood pressure machines, blood sugar measuring devices, Stethoscopes, torches, laryngoscopes, otoscope and many more. If these inventions were not available to them they might not be able to diagnose some disease or might diagnoses it in correctly and the patient may die but these inventions have made it possible to look up all kind of diseases in human body and also have made it possible to cure it and because of some scientific inventions now surgeries of tumors which were in operatable are now operate able. And due to these inventions surgeries of hrs have decreased to minutes and with minimum side affect. Engineers have made up dams to prevent floods which also help in producing electricity and provide water to agricultural land. Due to scientific inventions now it is possible to save ourselves from natural disaster as inventions have been invented which predict the natural disasters before they have happened. And can be used to save many people from natural disasters. Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Arthur C. Clarke,  Profiles of the Future: An Inquiry into the Limits of the Possible Arthur C. Clarke is absolutely correct because scientific inventions have done the unimaginable it has enabled us to go to the moon which we thought was impossible and now due to scientific invention we final seen moon closely enough to understand it and can go in space and wander in it. Computer is the most amazing invention of all time it has made everyones life easy it has finished gaps between people by internet it has made all the knowledge known to man open to everyone in the world through internet it has solved so many problems of people that it is difficult to write them all I know theres a proverb which that says To err is human, but a human error is nothing to what a computer can do if it tries.   à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚  Agatha Christie,  Halloween Party Electricity the biggest invention of all time and the most important invention of all time. Now a days almost everything runs on electricity. Electricity has brightened our nights and given us cold winds in summers. It has made us to communicate with each other by telephones and it has completely changed our life. Scientific inventions have also revolutionized factories it has increased their production as machines produce more than human they get more work done than humans in a specific time. Now machines are available which make a product in more efficient way which is less time consuming and less money consuming and is still better than before. Where scientific inventions have so many advantages there are some disadvantages too. Scientific inventions have made people so much dependent on technology and inventions that it is now very difficult for people to function or carry on with their life without these inventions like if now we have to walk to place we will have so much difficulty. Scientific inventions have made people so lazy and they have become their slave they are dependent to do everything in their life with the help of scientific inventions. Scientific inventions have made people jobless as in factories and many offices machines have taken place of humans as machines are more efficient and are money efficient too. And due to these new scientific inventions and scientific inventions have also increased pollution in our environment which have created a lot of problems, it is destroying our environment and killing our planet slowly. These scientific inventions although have made life more luxurious but have made it a lot more complex and complicated. Due to scientific inventions the noise pollution have increased, anywhere we go we will not find peace and quiet traffic has so much increased in the cities that people want to escape from the traffic and hide from it in remote areas. Due to new inventions world is facing new type of dangers which they did not even new about like genetic mutation due to nuclear reactors, fumes coming out of factories are responsible for destroying ozone and global warming. Now people are facing danger due to scientific inventions. Now new type of entertainment sources have made people useless has they waste their time on watching television all day long. Then children waste their time on video games and internet. Children instead of doing their homework or studying they waste their time on internet and video games and these technology is so expensive and people waste their money on it. Many people cannot afford it and their children want these things so they start earning money the wrong way to buy those things. Academic performance of people is decreasing because people are wasting their time watching television and internet many people are addicted to it. And this all is creating diseases and disorders such as obesity, laziness, loss of personality and it has also affected their eye sight. It has disabled us from of friendly and face to face communication chance with each other. Because of scientific inventions people do not get any kind of physical activity or exercise. Which has increased diseases such as obesity which is very common now-a-days. There are some inventions which are too complex for some people and they cannot use it so the feel inferior to others which has created gaps and jealousy between people. To make electricity, which runs most of the scientific inventions is made by exhausting fossil fuels which is killing our world slowly although scientists have found methods to make electricity by renewable sources but they are more expensive than the traditional ways which takes up many resources and is creating a lot of and all kinds of pollution in our world. The biggest and disastrous scientific inventions are weapons which have made this world a living hell. They have destroyed the peace of this world and have imposed the fear of war in every persons mind. Every day hundreds of thousands of people die due to these monstrous inventions and they are the sole reason for terrorism. Countries are wasting so much money on the research and development of weapons so the powerful may remain powerful so they can impose their command on the less powerful. Nuclear weapons have been developed to wipe out whole countries from the face of the earth. So many people died in Hiroshima and Nagasaki during world war 2because of atomic bombs, even in Pakistan so many people have died in suicide bombing. And in other incident of terrorism. People that they made these weapons to defend themselves but if there were no weapons then from what they needed defending from. On name of defense they kill and slaughter people. This is absolutely wrong. In the end I would only say that it is not the inventions but it is their use that has made them harmful if the same thing is used for good it becomes a blessing for everyone but if that thing is used for evil purposes then it becomes accurse for whole humanity some people use scientific invention for the benefit of people and the world and others use it for the destruction and evil so this does not make the invention good or bad it makes it user good or bad because when something is invented it is usually is invented for the benefit of human kind but its user may use it for evil or good like computer was invented to solve and help people with their problems but people now even use it for hacking into other peoples personal files and stealing money from people. So scientific inventions have both disadvantages and advantages but the number of advantages is so great that we can over look its disadvantages, because now these inventions have made over life so easy that now we cannot live without them we need them in every aspect of our life.

Espionage Act and the First Amendment Essay

The Espionage Act of 1917 is a US federal law which was passed after the First World War under the administration of President Woodrow Wilson. The law puts it a crime against the state to leak information to outsiders under the intention of creating hindrances to the operation of the US armed forces. This was passed for the fear that oppositions at the middle of the war shall constitute a direct peril to the security of American victory. This crime shall render a maximum of twenty years in prison plus the fine to those who will be suspected to attempt â€Å"insubordination, disloyalty, mutiny or refusal of duty in the military or naval forces of the United States. † (US Espionage Act) However, Espionage Act was extended later on by the Sedition Act of 1918. This law made it illegal to speak anything against the government (US Code Collection). Part of this law forbids individuals from â€Å"willfully communicating† to any person, who in return is also held prohibited to receive certain information that the government deems to post threat to the country’s national security (Vladeck 5). The US Espionage and Sedition Acts were utilized in some prosecutions although these were considered unconstitutional and violations of human rights. Albeit oppositions and cancellation of some parts of this law, until the present time, major portions of the Espionage Act is still part of the current United States law. On the other hand, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution forbids federal legislatures that shall hinder free exercise of religion, laws that shall violate freedom of speech, infringe freedom of the press, limit right to peaceful assembly and limit the rights of the people to address the government with regards to their grievances (Collins). First Amendment to the United States Constitution is a part of the United States Bill of Rights. In an instant look, the connection between the Espionage Act and the First Amendment, would seem to be the case that the first violates the latter. Espionage Act violates freedom of speech of the Americans that is well constituted in the First Amendment to the US Constitution. † Though in contrast to the supposed protective purpose of the First Amendment, its constitution was efficiently manipulated by the Supreme Court in such a way that restriction for freedom of speech is permitted extensively. The Supreme Court instead of being protective to the rights of speech freedom has rather made restrictions on it and suggested that any form of speech or writing that endangers the state shall be subjected to punishment. However, there are no limitations or standards that would uniformly base a judgment on whether a particular speech will instigate threats to the state. Thus, the privilege to consider something a threat is being left in the hands of lawmakers, making it more dangerous and hazardous to civilians that are vocal to their opinion and ideas. The continuity of the Espionage Act and Sedition Law was further translated through the Smith Act, which on the other end was still protected under the First Amendment. The Smith Act made any means or attempt of overthrowing the American government by force or violence punishable. Ideally, it sounded as a form of protectionism for the government. But in reality, this was mainly used as a weapon to contain Communism during this era. And despite its questionable standing regarding the constitutionality of the Act, the Supreme Court made it possible to put its â€Å"advocacy of action† under protection through the tenets of the First Amendment. Thus making it possible to censor any form of speech that shall incite the overthrow of government, and in turn punish anyone that shall render this act. Thus, the Espionage Act works relatively in relation with the First Amendment. Though, Espionage Act is suppressive in nature, such that it limits, if not prohibits freedom of speech; the First Amendment has always been a protective shield for the would-be-violations of the Espionage Act. The First Amendment plays as a legalizing and legitimizing mechanism for the policies that are under the Espionage Act. On the other hand, the First Amendment, though ideally must support and encourage the freedom rights of civilians, journalists and even activists, it doesn’t serve its purpose but rather serves as sugar-coat for the continuing suppression of freedom of speech for most of the people. Consequently, the First Amendment has not been of any help for the protection of journalists because it always reasons out on the basis of â€Å"national security measures† which are at most times vague definitions (Vladeck 16). Thus the First Amendment only regulates the inflow of information, and in the process renders journalists the incapacity to deliver â€Å"good-faith† investigations that are of great public concern for it may be taken as something that shall threaten national security and harm national interests. Therefore, there exists a direct relationship between the two. Though ideally, First Amendment must take a part that is contrasting to the Espionage Act such that it shall serve as checks and balance to minimize violations of freedom rights, contrastingly though, the First Amendment serves as protection for the legality of the Espionage Act.

Drainflow Repairing Jobs That Fail to Satisfy Essay

William Assemiah, 12021643 Irene Aidoo, 12021610 Sroda Adzo Apam, 12021626 Asare Ohenedwira Thomas, 12021639 Dorothy Dede Aklerh Asamoah, 12021634 Sampson Abbey Armah, 12021630 Arthur Sherifa, 12021631 Amadu Waliu, 12021617 Report Summary 1. Executive Summary DrainFlow, a plumbing maintenance firm in the USA, has been losing its customers to competitors due to poor services. Job motivation and satisfaction among employees is declining across various job categories within the firm. This dissatisfaction has been attributed to the overspecialization of some job functions in the company. The report attempts to assist DrainFlow improve in three key areas: job structure and design, incentive policies, and recruitment practices. It will go further to analyze the causes of the woes being faced by DrainFlow and provide a constructive recommendation on how to overcome them The main contents include an introduction to the problems DrainFlow is encountering, analyses of the current business, and recommendations on how DrainFlow can overcome these issues to foster a long-term competitive advantage. 2. Introduction Research shows that a happy worker is a productive employee. Satisfied employees tend to be better at their workplaces. Many of the individual behaviors at the workplace are affected by job satisfaction The main contents include an introduction to the problems DrainFlow is encountering, analyses of the current business, and recommendations on how DrainFlow can overcome these issues to foster a long-term competitive advantage. The goal of this proposal is to provide recommendations for a new job structure, a new incentive structure, and new hiring practices. The job structure recommendations will allow for more cross training between office workers and service providers. This will enrich all jobs at DrainFlow by adding different tasks, autonomy, and feedback. The new incentive structure will allow for flexible benefits and recognition. This is designed to motivate  employees and improve customer service. Lastly, the new hiring practices will provide a repeatable solution for finding a cohesive set of new employees. The report consists of five (5) parts: Executive Summary, Introduction, Motivation and Job Structure Analysis, Recommendations and Implementation. 3. Motivation and Job Structure Analysis 3.1. Job Design Research shows that there is a moderate relationship between job satisfaction and job performance as well as customer satisfaction. Satisfied employees perform better at their jobs and provide better customer service. Employees of DrainFlow are dissatisfied and that is the root cause of their present situation. Generally, specialization results in cost effectiveness and delivering of core competencies among employees when jobs are complex and require years of experience and learning for mastery. It becomes an albatross when jobs have few tasks and require little skill. The bottom line is, jobs have different effects on efficiency and motivation. The current job structure of DrainFlow due to its specialization has contributed to job dissatisfaction among employees and in 25% cases, turning employees away from the company. Work groups are dissatisfied with each other’s output. The current job structure only assigned tasks without considering the interdependency of those tasks. Due to this, problems such as assigning a plumber assistant on a job meant for a plumber, and vice versa, and poor customer service have plagued DrainFlow. DrainFlow should adopt Hackman’s Job Characteristic Model to describe current jobs in the firm. The JCM has five core dimensions which include skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy and feedback. Skill variety is the use of different skills and talents to complete a variety of work activities. The current job- tasks in DrainFlow are very narrow and do not allow employees that skill variety. Task identity is the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole or identifiable piece. This will help communicate the interdependence of work from one group and the other through the order to bill process. Task significance is the degree to which the job affects the organization and society. There no feedback channels in the firm at present and as such it’s difficult to measure customer satisfaction. Autonomy will provide the freedom, independence and discretion in scheduling  work and determining the procedure to be used in accomplishing it. DrainFlow has a preplanned and stringent procedure to follow. Feedback will provide employees with direct and clear information about their own performance. DrainFlow’s employees haven’t that information to assess their performance. 3.2 Incentive Scheme DrainFlow has no incentive scheme in place that will motivate employees to put any extra effort on the job. The present reward system is based on skill and qualification. Plumbers are rewarded the most as compared to the others because of their level of skill and not on performance. Generally, reward systems tend to motivate employees better when they are:   linked to performance; the rewards are important, when team rewards are used for interdependent jobs and those rewards are valuable. Lee’s attempt to salvage DrainFlow by introducing the reward system is laudable but it will need a few modifications. 3.3. Recruitment Practices The current recruitment processes by DrainFlow are based on unstructured interviews by different managers thereby creating a higher level of inconsistencies in the choices of selection of employees. The use of shortcuts for judgment such as selective perception (tendency to selectively interpret what one sees based on one’s interests, background, experience and attitudes), or stereotyping (judging someone on the basis of one’s perception of the group to which that person belongs) are prevalent. Although the shortcuts may aide accurate perceptions and hence predictions, they are not full proof and may result in perception inaccuracies. Research indicates that impressions are formed within a tenth of a second, based on a first glance. Wrong perceptions may result in employees that are unqualified for the position and/or dissatisfied with work. The current situation at DrainFlow was aggravated by these perceptional recruitment inefficiencies. Most employees lack training in customer service, organizational behavior and are anxious about speaking with customers. Order processors do not have  sufficient knowledge or skill to explain the customer’s situation to DrainFlow Plumbers or Plumber Assistants. Billing representatives must deal with the negative reactions of dissatisfied customers; however, Bill processors are only involved at the end of the job process and unaware of any job details. DrainFlow plumbers are sometimes reluctant to deliver bad news of an unexpectedly high bill to customers. Furthermore, it is clear that a majority of order processors do not know any more about plumbing than customers calling in. These deficiencies have resulted in a direct negative impact on the revenue and cost savings, which were to be achieved by dividing assignments and specializing job responsibilities. 4.0 Recommendations A. Job Redesign DrainFlow work units have been overspecialized and there is little or no coordination among employees of different functional units. Therefore, we recommend a radical redesign of the job structure and business processes to achieve dramatic performance improvements and motivation. Order and Bill Processing be merged into one work unit under a job title. This will enable employees to have a first-time touch with customers. Cross training programs should be organized to enhance their knowledge of plumbing and plumbing-related activities. Feedbacks on customer satisfaction can easily be tracked. Plumbing assistants, besides performing less technical plumbing works, should be given the opportunity to do rotational job activities in Order and Bill Processing unit. This will foster a better relationship among employees, enhance skill variety, cross training; reduce boredom and increase motivation and job satisfaction. Plumbers should organize training sessions on plumbing for worker in Order and Bill Processing Unit and continue to do complex plumbing works. The training should be interactive and focus on providing skill on how to respond to plumbing problems. This is to add a variety to plumbers’ activities. B. Incentive Scheme There is no current incentive scheme in place that is capable of providing employee satisfaction and motivation. DrainFlow should introduce an incentive scheme geared towards increasing employee satisfaction. This scheme should be both intrinsic and extrinsic; it should be both skill-oriented and performancebased.   Skills in customer service, plumbing and work attitude should be considered in the scheme. Performance-based will reward employees who create and maintain high customer retention rates. At the end of any job, a customer satisfaction survey should be conducted to assess level of customer satisfaction. Results from the survey should be the bases for implementing Lee’s reward scheme. Rewarding performance should be an ongoing managerial and not just periodic. Therefore, extrinsic rewards such as performance pay should be consistent with overall management objectives, used to reinforce a motivational in which nonmonetary rewards exist such as employee recognition. C. Recruitment Practices Based on the problem analysis concerning recruitment practices in DrainFlow, we recommend that management should design a consistent recruitment procedure that is capable of finding and hiring individuals who have the skill and experience to function well on the job. The recruitment policy procedure should emphasize on: ï‚ · A brief summary judgment about the applicant’s strength and weaknesses ï‚ · Interpreting facts as they appear on resume and make judgments; highlight and comment on experience and skills only as they apply to the needs of DrainFlow ï‚ · Identifying personality  traits (such as Agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, extraversion, and emotional stability) that will improve customer service and emotional labor 4. Implementation This is probably the hardest part of it all. DrainFlow’s challenges of improving employee and customer satisfaction whiles increasing profit levels through cost containment and job performance is contingent on implementing our recommendations. However, any successful implementation of these recommendations will require support from toplevel management. The objectives of the changes should be clearly communicated to employees. DrainFlow should not do any radical changes; they should introduce the changes gradually in order of importance. Redesigning the job structure is essentially the first change management should introduce. The focus is on combining order and billing work responsibilities into a single work unit. This should be followed by cross training and weekly job rotational activities. Workers of the newly created Order and Billing Unit should be given the opportunity to clone a plumber or plumber assistant to learn the basic concepts of plumbing. This will equip them with the necessary competencies in executing order and bill processing. DrainFlow needs to implement a new incentive scheme that is capable of boosting employee satisfaction to put in more effort in their work. The proposed incentive scheme should include a financial reward system, as proposed by Lee, and an intrinsic, employee recognition program. Research has shown that financial rewards are mostly effective and deliver good results  only in the short-run. Employee loyalty and long-term motivational needs are triggered by non-financial rewards such as recognition. 5. Conclusion This report summarized recommendations on how DrainFlow will gain a competitive advantage by improving three key knobs: job structure and design, incentive scheme and recruitment practices. The recommendations are clear and understandable and should be technically easy and financially cost effective to implement. The report proposes combining some job units,  encouraging a weekly job rotational activities, cross training by utilizing the current talents available within the organization, etc. A new incentive scheme will create job satisfaction through job motivation; this will boost productivity, performance and customer retention. The new recruitment policy entails finding and training employees that fit and share the dreams and aspirations of DrainFlow. Consequently, DrainFlow will see positive changes in employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction and retention, motivation, loyalty, performance, productivity and profitability.

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